Buick launched its Riviera personal luxury coupe on October 4, 1962 to enter the luxury market and present one of GM's highly distinctive designs with a luxury configuration. Buick Riviera equipped its 425 cubic inch V8 engine with capabilities that produced smooth speed and luxurious driving comfort. The variable pitch turbine automatic transmission equipped with this engine boosted both speed and driving responsiveness and handled dynamics effectively. The Riviera was built on a cruciform (X-frame) chassis, which enhanced structural rigidity and contributed to stability and handling during the same time period that the 1966 redesign expanded the vehicle dimensions to raise weight by 200 pounds without affecting engine performance output. Buick displayed its dedication to innovation by introducing front-wheel drive systems in 1979 which made the Riviera the first FWD production model in the brand history. The 1981 Riviera T-Type featured a turbocharged 3.8L V6 engine producing 175 hp, while base models were available with a 307 cubic inch Oldsmobile V8 rated at 140 hp which provided drivers with a satisfying road experience though it yielded less power than earlier models. Replacements with original Buick parts give the iconic Buick Riviera owners automatic assurance in vehicle durability because Buick maintains stringent manufacturing standards for all its original parts.